Generative artificial intelligence (AI), represented by chat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT), can generate content in multiple formats such as text, images, and audio according to instructions, and has become one of the hottest areas in AI research. Based on text, images, audio and other multi-modal data training, generative AI can understand and generate natural language, answer professional questions, and complete other language-related tasks with high accuracy. It has excellent performance in areas such as language translation, text writing, code programming, and medical image interpretation. In recent years, generative AI has begun to be applied in the field of respiratory medicine and has gradually become a research hotspot. This article reviews the current status of application and limitations of generative AI, especially ChatGPT, in medical education, assisted diagnosis, clinical decision support, image analysis, medical research, and doctor-patient communication.

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