Objective  To systematically evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Chinese children and adolescents through Meta-analysis, in order to provide reference for early prevention and treatment of MS.

Methods  CNKI, Wanfang Data, CBM, Full-text Database of Chinese Medical Journal, PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevent studies on the prevalence and epidemiology of MS in Chinese children and adolescents from the establishment of the databases to February 1, 2024. Literature screening and data extraction were conducted based on pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of literature was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) evaluation tool. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.1 software with subgroup analysis considering factors such as gender, weight, age etc.

Results A total of 28 articles were included, including 24 Chinese articles and 4 English articles. According to Cook standard, the definition and prevention recommends of metabolic syndrome in Chinese children and adolescents (CHN2012) standard, and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) standard, the prevalence rates of MS in Chinese children and adolescents were 5%, 4% and 3%, respectively. According to the three diagnostic criteria, the prevalence rate of MS was higher in boys than girls, and higher in the obese group and overweight group compared to the normal group.

Conclusion  Overweight and obesity were significant risk factors for MS in Chinese children and adolescents. Boys were more susceptible to MS than girls. Therefore, active intervention measures should be taken for overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, while focusing on relevant indicators for boys’ MS, in order to control the occurrence of MS.

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