Objective  To understand the prevalence of high blood pressure among  adolescents aged 11 to 18 in Baoshan district of Shanghai, explore the association of high blood pressure with overweight and obesity, and provide a reference for the prevention of adolescent hypertension.

Methods  Based on the physical examination data of 185,980 adolescents aged 11 to 18 in Baoshan district of Shanghai from 2013 to 2019, the high blood pressure, overweight, and obesity rates of different genders and age groups were calculated. Logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between high blood pressure and overweight and obesity.

Results  The mean values of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of adolescents aged 11 to 18 in Baoshan district of Shanghai were (112.77±13.86) mmHg and (67.72±9.51) mmHg, respectively. The blood pressure level increased with age. The prevalence of high blood pressure was 18.49%, which increased with age (χ²=150.99, P<0.001). The prevalence of high blood pressure in boys and girls were 18.79% and 18.16%, respectively (χ²=12.05, P<0.01). The prevalence of high blood pressure in normal weight, overweight, and obese adolescents were 15.20%, 23.45%, and 37.72%, respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference between different body mass index (BMI) groups (χ²=5 809.51, P<0.001). Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI and age were risk factors for high blood pressure. The risk of high blood pressure in adolescents aged 15 to 18 was 1.12 times that of adolescents aged 11 to 14; the risks of high blood pressure in overweight and obese ad-olescents were 1.71 times and 3.40 times those of normal weight adolescents, respectively (P<0.001).

Conclusion  The detection of high blood pressure in adolescents aged 11 to 18 in Baoshan District, Shanghai is at a high level, overweight, obesity and age are the main risk factors, and controlling adolescents overweight and obesity can effectively prevent high blood pressure in adolescents. Blood pressure monitoring and diagnosis in adolescents should be strengthened.

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