Objective  To investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) on metabolism, insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular benefits in patients with overweight and obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary heart disease.

Methods  From December 2020 to March 2022, 115 patients with overweight or obese T2DM complicated with coronary heart disease admitted to the Department of Cardiology of the Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou were divided into a control group of 57 cases, treated with conventional hypoglycemic drugs and a study group of 58 patients added GLP-1RA treatment on the basis of the control group. The metabolic indexes, insulin sensitivity, cardiac function, and cardiovascular risk of recurrence were observed in both groups.

Results  After treatment, the body mass index (t=4.940, P<0.001), waist circumference (t=3.840, P<0.001), body fat content (t=2.197, P=0.030) and visceral fat content (t=2.143, P=0.034) were lower in the study group than those in the control group. The insulin resistance index and area under the C-peptide curve in the study group were lower than those in the control group, but the insulin function was higher than that in the control group. In addition, the N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide and carotid intimal-middle thickness levels in the study group were lower than those in the control group, and the left ventricular ejection fraction and heart rate levels were higher than those in the control group. The risk of recurrent cardiovascular disease in the study group was also lower than that in the control group (3.45% vs. 15.79%, P=0.024).

Conclusion  GLP-1RA may improve insulin sensitivity, cardiac function and reduce the risk of recurrence of cardiovascular disease by regulating the metabolic level of overweight and obese patients with T2DM and coronary heart disease.

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