As the largest microbial pool in human body, intestinal flora is rich in species, which is closely related to the development of health and disease. The imbalance of intestinal flora has been confirmed to be related to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and the more types and quantities of intestinal conditional pathogenic bacterium, the more serious renal damage in DN patients. Intervening the structure of intestinal flora and increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria can effectively improve renal function and renal pathological damage, prevent DN and improve the poor prognosis of end-stage renal disease. Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of DN has the advantages of low price, good effect, small adverse reactions, more targets and wide channels. It occupies an important position in the prevention and treatment of DN, and can combine with western medicine to achieve the advantages of learning from each other and treating both symptoms and root causes. Traditional Chinese medicine has remarkable therapeutic effect on DN by interfering with intestinal flora, but the research on external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine is relatively limited. This paper reviewed the research progress of the relationship between intestinal flora and DN, and the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine compound and enema intervention of traditional Chinese medicine on intestinal flora, in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of DN by traditional Chinese medicine.

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