Objective  To systematically review the prevalence and influencing factors of carotid plaque complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods  Literature on the prevalence and influencing factors of T2DM combined with carotid plaque was searched in CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase from the inception of the databases to February 2024. RevMan 5.4 and Stata15.0 softwares were used for Meta-analysis.

Results  A total of 37 publications including 40 771 patients with T2DM were included. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of T2DM complicated with carotid plaque was 48.6%[95%CI(43.6%, 53.7%)], and age, gender, glycosylated hemoglobin, 25 hydroxyvitamin D3, duration of disease, fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, smoking, hypertension, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, homocysteine, and ultrasensitive C-reactive protein are influencing factors in T2DM patients with concurrent carotid plaque.

Conclusion  The prevalence of carotid plaque in T2DM patients is high, and healthcare professionals should prevent and treat T2DM complicated with carotid plaque according to its influencing factors to improve the prognosis of the disease.

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