Objective  To explore the correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and seven ophthalmic non-infectious diseases.

Methods  Patients who were hospitalized in the department of ophthalmology of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected. After the relevant eye examination, they were divided into seven observation groups, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), primary pterygium, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), and macular hole (MH). The healthy people who underwent physical examination in the physical examination center of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University during the same period were selected as the control group. The neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts from the routine peripheral blood examination results were collected for correlation analysis.

Results  A total of 839 cases were including in the study, with 710 cases in the observation group and 129 cases in the control group. All observation groups showed increased NLR (P<0.05); except for ION group, the PLR of the remaining observation groups was increased (P<0.05); except for MH group, the SII of the remaining observation groups was increased (P<0.05). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR, PLR, and SII were independent predictors of AMD and primary pterygium, while NLR was the only independent predictor of the other five ophthalmic non-infectious diseases.

Conclusion  NLR, PLR, and SII had good predictive value for AMD and primary pterygium, while only NLR had predictive value for the other five ophthalmic non-infectious diseases. NLR had predictive value for all seven ophthalmic non-infectious diseases and was more sensitive than PLR and SII.

1.Martínez-Alberquilla I, Gasull X, Pérez-Luna P, et al. Neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular trap components: emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets for age-related eye diseases[J]. Ageing Res Rev, 2022, 74: 101553. DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101553.

2.Zhang X, Wei R, Wang X, et al. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with hypertension[J]. Cardiovasc Diabetol, 2024, 23(1): 117. DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02191-5.

3.Scherlinger M, Richez C, Tsokos GC, et al. The role of platelets in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases[J]. Nat Rev Immunol, 2023, 23(8): 495-510. DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00834-4.

4.Yang Y, He X, Tan S, et al. The association between immunoinflammatory biomarkers NLR, PLR, LMR and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. Clin Exp Med, 2025, 25(1): 39. DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01539-1.

5.Tang Y, Li L, Li J. Association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and diabetic retinopathy in  patients with type 2 diabetes: a cohort study[J]. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2024, 15: 1396161. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1396161.

6.Zhang A, Ning L, Han J, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a potential biomarker of neovascular glaucoma[J]. Ocul Immunol Inflamm, 2021, 29(2): 417-424. DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2019.1677916.

7.Xu Q, Zhu C, Zhang Q, et al. Association between fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio and prognosis of patients with heart failure[J]. Eur J Clin Invest, 2023, 53(10): e14049. DOI: 10.1111/eci.14049.

8.Liu X, Guo Y, Qi W. Prognostic value of composite inflammatory markers in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study based on the MIMIC-IV database[J]. PLoS One, 2025, 20(1): e316390. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0316390.

9.Ozgonul C, Sertoglu E, Mumcuoglu T, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as novel biomarkers of primary open-angle glaucoma[J]. J Glaucoma, 2016, 25(10): e815-e820. DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000000392.

10.Mahemuti N, Jing X, Zhang N, et al. Association between systemic immunity-inflammation index and hyperlipidemia: a population-based study from the NHANES (2015-2020)[J]. Nutrients, 2023, 15(5): 1177. DOI: 10.3390/nu15051177.

11.Kurtul BE, Ozer PA. The relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and age-related macular degeneration[J]. Korean J Ophthalmol, 2016, 30(5): 377-381. DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2016.30.5.377.

12.Qin G, Lin T, You Y, et al. Blood inflammatory biomarkers in participants with idiopathic epiretinal  membrane: a retrospective case series study[J]. Medicine (Baltimore), 2023, 102(26): e34225. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034225.

13.Üçer MB, Cevher S. Assessment of systemic inflammatory response index and other inflammatory indicators in retinal vein occlusion[J]. Medicine (Baltimore), 2023, 102(49): e36512. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036512.

14.Liu Z, Perry LA, Penny-Dimri JC, et al. The association of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio with retinal vein occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2022, 100(3): e635-e647. DOI: 10.1111/aos.14955.

15.Dursun A, Ozturk S, Yucel H, et al. Association of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and retinal vein occlusion[J]. Eur J Ophthalmol, 2015, 25(4): 343-346. DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5000570.

16.Pinna A, Carlino P, Serra R, et al. Red cell distribution width (RDW) and complete blood cell count-derived measures in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy[J]. Int J Med Sci, 2021, 18(10): 2239-2244. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.53668.

17.Uzakgider NK, Karaca Adiyeke S, Aytogan H. Understanding the etiopathogenesis of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy with laboratory findings[J]. Beyoglu Eye J, 2024, 9(1): 8-13. DOI: 10.14744/bej.2023.09815.

18.Gokmen O, Gokmen A. Evaluation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios, mean platelet volumes, and platelet-lymphocyte ratios in pterygium[J]. Beyoglu Eye J, 2019, 4(3): 163-167. DOI: 10.14744/bej.2019.30164.

19.Kιlιç R, Kurt A. Decreased mean platelet volume and increased platelet to lymphocyte ratio in  patients with pterygium[J]. Arq Bras Oftalmol, 2020, 83(3): 263-264. DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.20200069.

20.李凤鸣. 《中华眼科学》（第3版）[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2014.

21.Lyu M, Lee Y, Kim BS, et al. Clinical significance of subclinical atherosclerosis in retinal vein occlusion[J]. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 11905. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91401-1.

22.Kazantzis D, Machairoudia G, Kroupis C, et al. Complete blood count-derived inflammation indices and retinal vein occlusion: a case-control study[J]. Ophthalmol Ther, 2022, 11(3): 1241-1249. DOI: 10.1007/s40123-022-00511-0.

23.Sengul EA, Artunay O, Kockar A, et al. Correlation of neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratio with visual acuity and macular thickness in age-related macular degeneration[J]. Int J Ophthalmol, 2017, 10(5): 754-759. DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.05.16.

24.Tricorache DF, Dascalu AM, Alexandrescu C, et al. Correlations between the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, and serum lipid fractions with neovascular age-related macular degeneration[J]. Cureus, 2024, 16(6): e62503. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62503.

25.Salgado C, Vilson F, Miller NR, et al. Cellular inflammation in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and its primate model[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2011, 129(12): 1583-1591. DOI: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.351.

26.Gao Y, Lu RX, Tang Y, et al. Systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes at different stages of diabetic retinopathy[J]. Int J Ophthalmol, 2024, 17(5): 877-882. DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.05.12.

27.Wan H, Wang Y, Fang S, et al. Associations between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and diabetic  complications in adults with diabetes: a cross-sectional study[J]. J Diabetes Res, 2020, 2020: 6219545. DOI: 10.1155/2020/6219545.

28.Ueda-Consolvo T, Takahashi S, Oiwake T, et al. Assessment of retinal pigment epithelium tears in eyes with submacular hemorrhage secondary to age-related macular degeneration[J]. Sci Rep, 2025, 15(1): 3606. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-88128-8.

29.Cheng YW, Kuo CH, Kuo YH, et al. Predictive value of hematologic indices on weaning from mechanical ventilation and 30-day mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury in an intensive care unit: a retrospective analysis of MIMIC-IV data[J]. Neurotherapeutics, 2025: e00559. DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2025.e00559.

30.Lai Y, Fan J, Lv N, et al. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as predictor for acute infection after primary total joint arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis patients[J/OL]. Orthop Surg, 2025. DOI: 10.1111/os.70002.

31.Li Z, Zhao D, Zhu C. Predicting colorectal adenoma recurrence: the role of systemic inflammatory markers and insulin resistance[J]. Scand J Gastroenterol, 2025. DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2025.2469801.

32.Aslan Sirakaya H, Sipahioglu H, Cetinkaya A, et al. Relationship between inflammatory markers (IL-6, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and C-reactive protein-albumin ratio) and diabetic ketoacidosis severity: correlation with clinical outcomes[J]. Medicina (Kaunas), 2025, 61(2): 321. DOI: 10.3390/medicina61020321.

33.Yang T, Lu Y, Zeng F, et al. Prognosis and factors related to anti-VEGF therapy in patients with retinal vein occlusion and concomitant carotid artery disease[J]. Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1): 24634. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-75604-w.

34.Li J, Cheng F, Li Z, et al. Assessment of clinical outcomes and prognostic factors following membrane peeling in idiopathic epiretinal membrane using EIFL staging system: an optical coherence tomography angiography analysis[J]. BMC Ophthalmol, 2025, 25(1): 54. DOI: 10.1186/s12886-025-03889-0.

35.Rossi S, Gesualdo C, Marano E, et al. Treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: one year real-life results with intravitreal Brolucizumab[J]. Front Med (Lausanne), 2025, 11: 1467160. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1467160.

36.Nemet A, Tuuminen R, Yona T, et al. CHA2DS2-VASc score in predicting visual acuity outcomes following retinal vein occlusion[J]. J Ophthalmol, 2024, 2024: 3054783. DOI: 10.1155/2024/3054783.

37.Pan L, Wang N, Wu J. Non-human primates as preclinical models for optic nerve research: advancing insights into their application and potential[J/OL]. Eye (Lond), 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-03665-w.

38.Chen S, Zhang J, Qian C, et al. Prognostic value of combined LMR and CEA dynamic monitoring in postoperative colorectal cancer patients[J]. J Inflamm Res, 2023,16: 4229-4250. DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S422500.

39.Cai H, Chen Y, Zhang Q, et al. High preoperative CEA and systemic inflammation response index (C-SIRI) predict unfavorable survival of resectable colorectal cancer[J]. World J Surg Oncol, 2023, 21(1): 178. DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03056-z.

40.Chua TC, Chong CH, Liauw W, et al. Inflammatory markers in blood and serum tumor markers predict survival in patients with epithelial appendiceal neoplasms undergoing surgical cytoreduction and intraperitoneal chemotherapy[J]. Ann Surg, 2012, 256(2): 342-349. DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3182602ad2.

41.Wang J, Li H, Xu R, et al. The MLR, NLR, PLR and D-dimer are associated with clinical outcome in lung cancer patients treated with surgery[J]. BMC Pulm Med, 2022, 22(1): 104. DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01901-7.