Objective  To explore and summarize the prescription rules and compatibility characteristics of Xanthii Fructus, and provide references for the clinical scientific use of Xanthii Fructus.

Methods  The oral formulas or preparations containing Xanthii Fructus were retrieved and collected, a binary variable database of traditional Chinese medicine was constructed using Microsoft Office Excel 2017 software, and the basic information such as frequency, clinical application, and meridian tropism was statistically analyzed. Softwares such as VOSviewer 1.6.20, IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0, and IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 were applied to display the compatibility density of Xanthii Fructus, and association rules and factor analysis were conducted to clarify the compatibility characteristics of Xanthii Fructus and its application rules of disease treatment.

Results  A total of 445 related prescriptions were finally included, involving 191 traditional Chinese medicines, with a cumulative use of 3 831 times. The results of compatibility density analysis and association rules suggested that traditional Chinese medicines such as Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Magnoliae Flos, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, and Scutellariae Radix were often combined with Xanthii Fructus, which were characterized by their cold property, bitter and pungent flavors, and mainly entered the liver and lung meridians. In clinical application, Xanthii Fructus was often used to treat nasosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and Bi syndrome. The traditional Chinese medicines used in combination with Xanthii Fructus for the treatment of nasosinusitis were characterized by cold property, pungent flavor, and mainly entered the lung meridian or spleen meridian. Additionally, there was a strong compatibility relationship between Xanthii Fructus and other traditional Chinese medicines such as Magnoliae Flos, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, and Scutellariae Radix. The results of factor analysis demonstrated that high-frequency traditional Chinese medicines for treating nasosinusitis could be clustered into four common factors, with a cumulative factor contribution rate of 67.506%.

Conclusion  Based on data mining, this study systematically summarizes the compatibility composition, compatibility characteristics, and application rules of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions containing Xanthii Fructus, which can provide references for the clinical application of Xanthii Fructus.

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