Objective  To systematically evaluate the prevalence of comorbidity of diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia among Chinese residents.

Methods  The relevant literature on the prevalence of comorbidity of diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia among Chinese residents in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, WanFang Data, CNKI, VIP and CBM databases were searched by computer. The references of the included literature were also traced. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation. Stata 16.0 software was used to combine the effect size and conduct subgroup analysis.

Results  A total of 19 articles were included, involving 1 182 301 Chinese residents. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of comorbidity of diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia among Chinese residents was 5.8% (95%CI: 5.1%-6.6%). Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence of comorbidity of diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia was 6.3% (95%CI: 4.3%-8.2%) before 2019, and 6.5% (95%CI: 5.2%-7.8%) in 2019 and later; 5.9% (95%CI: 4.7%-7.1%) in the south and 6.2% (95%CI: 4.0%-8.3%) in the north; 6.3% (95%CI: 5.4%-7.3%) in males and 5.8% (95%CI: 4.8%-6.8%) in females; 3.5% (95%CI: 2.4%-4.6%) in those under 60 years old and 7.9% (95%CI: 4.7%-11.1%) in those 60 years old and above; 5.5% (95%CI: 4.4%-6.5%) in those married and 6.1% (95%CI: 4.0%-8.2%) in those unmarried; 7.1% (95%CI: 6.6%-7.6%) in those with junior high school education or below and 5.4% (95%CI: 4.4%-6.3%) in those with high school education or above; 6.3% (95%CI: 5.1%-7.5%) in smokers and 5.8% (95%CI: 4.8%-6.8%) in non-smokers; 7.1% (95%CI: 6.4%-7.8%) in drinkers and 6.4% (95%CI: 5.3%-7.6%) in non-drinkers; 1.7% (95%CI: 0.9%-2.4%) in underweight residents, 3.8% (95%CI: 2.8%-4.9%) in those with normal body mass index, 7.2% (95%CI: 5.9%-8.5%) in overweight residents and 11.0% (95%CI: 8.5%-13.5%) in obese residents.

Conclusion  The prevention and control of comorbidity of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia in China should strengthen health education and take effective intervention measures for the above high-risk populations.

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